Development tools for Zephyr on STM32Workbench for Zephyr: VS Code extension to set up, build, flash and debug Zephyr applications on STM32.Devicetree manager: browse, edit and visualize Zephyr devicetree, STM32CubeMX-like for Zephyr.
Ok so, maybe try a new simple project, or import a cubeF3 project example to try debugging.
Take a F3 nucleo example that is not too different from hardware point of view of your board (running on HSI clock for example).